“Venezuela can be the spark for a fourth wave of democratization,” says Leopoldo López

“Venezuela can be the spark for a fourth wave of democratization,” says Leopoldo López

López, a political leader and prominent advocate for democracy in Venezuela, shared his vision for uniting global efforts to champion freedom and push back against authoritarianism with a Stanford audience on December 2, 2024.
Leopoldo López Leopoldo López addressed a Stanford audience on December 2, 2024. Cheng Huynh

On December 2, 2024, a packed room of nearly 100  students and faculty gathered to hear from Leopoldo López, a political leader and prominent advocate for democracy in Venezuela. The event, co-hosted by the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law (CDDRL), the center’s Poverty, Violence, and Governance Lab (PovGov), and the Stanford Society for Latin American Politics (SSLAP), featured a discussion on the global challenges to democracy, moderated by Isamar Marte ‘26, president of SSLAP.

López began by situating Venezuela’s political crisis within a global trend of democratic backsliding. “We are witnessing a coordinated assault on democratic principles,” he stated. “Authoritarian regimes are learning from each other, sharing strategies to suppress dissent and undermine institutions.” Despite this, López expressed hope, emphasizing that these challenges could be met with coordinated responses. “Democracy is resilient,” he added. “It can recover and thrive if we remain committed to its principles.”

Democracy is resilient. It can recover and thrive if we remain committed to its principles.
Leopoldo López

The conversation also addressed the broader implications of Venezuela’s struggle. López described the perseverance of Venezuelan citizens who continue to advocate for democratic change under challenging circumstances. “The Venezuelan people have shown incredible resolve,” he noted. “Their courage is a testament to the universal desire for freedom and dignity.”

When discussing strategies for democratic renewal, López stressed the importance of unity and collaboration. “Building coalitions is essential,” he said. “We must leverage global networks and share lessons learned to effectively counter authoritarianism.” He also emphasized the role of young leaders, urging them to take an active role in shaping democratic futures. “The responsibility of safeguarding democracy lies with every generation,” he remarked.

López also shared his vision for Venezuela as a potential catalyst for a new wave of democratization: “If Venezuela succeeds, it will send a powerful message to the world that democracy can overcome even the most entrenched autocracies.” He expressed optimism about the country’s capacity to inspire democratic movements globally. “Venezuela can be the spark for a fourth wave of democratization,” he concluded.

If Venezuela succeeds, it will send a powerful message to the world that democracy can overcome even the most entrenched autocracies.
Leopoldo López

Reflecting on the lessons drawn from the collective shared experience of the World Liberty Congress — a global platform that unites political leaders from dissident movements worldwide — López emphasized several key insights for fighting autocracy during the meeting. Drawing on his own journey as a Venezuelan political prisoner and leader, he underscored the following principles:

  1. Global Solidarity Against Autocracy: López stressed the importance of building a unified alliance of democracy defenders to counter the interconnected "axis of autocrats." He described how autocratic regimes collaborate despite ideological differences, united by common goals of power and control. Democracies and freedom movements, he argued, must respond with equally strong networks of collaboration and support.
  2. Leveraging Technology for Freedom: López underscored the transformative potential of technology in the fight against autocracy. From providing uncensored internet access to using cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin to bypass financial restrictions, he illustrated how innovation can empower pro-democracy movements in autocratic states.
  3. Smart Sanctions and Accountability: To weaken autocratic regimes, López advocated for smart sanctions that target key leaders and their networks while minimizing harm to ordinary citizens. He emphasized the importance of accountability mechanisms in addressing human rights violations.
  4. Global Advocacy and Philanthropy: López criticized the limited global investment in democracy promotion, with only a small fraction of philanthropic efforts directed toward such causes. He called for a collective shift in priorities, urging increased support for pro-democracy movements worldwide.
  5. Resilience and Hope: Drawing on his time in prison and exile, López shared how maintaining resilience and hope were central to his perseverance. He described personal routines of prayer, learning, and exercise as tools that fortified his spirit and focus on the broader fight for freedom.
  6. A Call to Action for Democracy: López concluded by urging global citizens to recognize the stakes of rising autocracy. He likened the fight for democracy to the environmental movement, advocating for a tipping point where freedom becomes a universally shared goal supported by individuals, organizations, and governments alike.


The event left attendees with much to consider about the future of democracy, both in Venezuela and beyond. López’s remarks underscored the importance of resilience, collective action, and optimism in addressing the challenges facing democratic governance today.

Leopoldo López poses with students Leopoldo López poses with students following the event.

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